资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
汽车服务商2022年业绩考:9家预计净利润同比下滑****** 本报记者 龚梦泽 受疫情和多重外部因素影响,2022年汽车流通行业整体出现下跌,销量和利润双双下降。尽管从去年四季度开始,多家经销商业务情况有所回暖,但仍未能改变行业整体下滑的态势。 日前,各大汽车经销商集团和服务商陆续发布了2022年全年业绩预告。《证券日报》记者统计了9家头部企业的数据(包括7家A股上市汽车服务商和2家港股上市汽车经销商集团),包括庞大集团、广汇汽车、永达汽车、广汇宝信、申华控股等净利润皆出现同比下滑。 同花顺iFind显示,在已公布业绩预告的9家企业中,按照预告净利润上限排名,大东方、阿尔特和上海物贸位居前三,分别达到了2.1亿元、1亿元和5330万元。 然而,即便盈利排名靠前,但从净利润变动情况来看,上述3家上市公司净利润同比均有不同程度下滑。其中大东方预计2022年净利润为1.5亿元至2.1亿元,下降幅度为76.58%至67.22%;阿尔特预计净利润8000万元至1亿元,下降幅度为61.04%至51.31%;上海物贸预计净利润5330万元,下降幅度为63.92%左右。 净利润榜单中,排在第四位的是浩物股份,2022年预告净利润上限仅为480万元,其也成为上述9家企业的盈亏分界。靠后的申华控股、广汇宝信和庞大集团预计2022年亏损至多为2亿元、7亿元和11亿元,其中申华控股净利润跌幅高达583.8%。 事实上,在过去一年中,受疫情等多重因素影响,汽车销售行业困难重重。根据中国汽车流通协会调研结果显示,2022年全年有约90%的经销商未完成销量目标,接近一半的经销商处于亏损状态。 作为曾经全国经销商的龙头,A股上市经销商广汇汽车成为目前亏损最大的汽车服务商。据公司业绩预告显示,广汇汽车预计2022年归属于上市公司股东的净利润为-22.8亿元到-26.7亿元。 记者查阅9家公司业绩预告发现,对于业绩变动的原因,多家公司均提及疫情影响。如阿尔特就表示,报告期内,疫情多月份多点散发,多地局部性反复封控,公司及客户员工陆续经历休假隔离期,因此项目执行进度及项目验收受到较大影响,导致报告期内净利润减少。 据广汇宝信透露,业绩转盈为亏的主要原因是2022年度受疫情及各地防控政策影响较为严重。尤其2022年下半年集团位于西北、华北、西南及东北等地区的经营网点,均受到零星、散发性疫情的反复冲击和各地区不同封控政策的影响,这对集团4S门店的正常运营产生阶段性的较大冲击。 广汇汽车则表示,随着各地防疫政策逐渐调整,叠加购置税减半政策结束,公司为加快资金和库存的周转效率,对疫情期间积攒的库存车辆实施了让利销售,进一步侵蚀了四季度及全年的毛利。 流通协会向《证券日报》记者表示,今年1月份、2月份车市有望恢复到疫情前2019年的水平,2月份或将出现补偿性消费,3月份将有明显起色,4月份国内车市有望出现大幅度同比正增长。 中国乘用车产业联盟秘书长张秀阳也表达了类似看法。他认为,汽车作为大宗消费品,兼具复苏弹性和长期成长逻辑。而从产业链视角来看,相比体量庞大的整车板块,汽车经销服务商作为汽车产业链“神经末梢”,对于经济周期更敏感,也有望率先带动销量回暖和盈利修复。(证券日报) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |